J. Cadima Ribeiro
NIPE and School of Economics and
Management, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal jcadima@eeg.uminho.pt
Laurentina Vareiro
UNIAG and Polytechnic Institute of Cávado
and Ave, Barcelos, Portugal lvareiro@ipca.pt
Paula Remoaldo
Lab2PT and Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Guimarães,
Portugal
paularemoaldo@gmail.com
Isabel Cristina Monjardino
SREA-Regional Statistic Service of Azores, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
Abstract
The tourism
industry has been increasingly looked at as an essential component of
development processes, especially in the case of some low-density territories
and islands. By its turn, looking at the quality of
tourists’ experiences and, thus, to the success of a destination, one has to
convey that residents play a fundamental role. In this research, a cluster analysis was used to
segment the Azores Archipelago (Portugal) residents according to their
perceptions of the impacts of the tourism industry. The clustering procedure
analysed 950 data observations from a resident survey applied in 2018 by SREA
(Regional Statistics Service of Azores). The analyses revealed the existence of
three clusters: the Optimistic, integrating the large majority of the
respondents; the Moderately Optimistic; and the Unconvinced. The results
achieved follow what is common to find in the empirical literature, namely when
dealing with emergent destinations. Regional and national authorities must be
aware of these results when designing their policies, namely in pursuing a
sustainable development strategy.
Keywords: Residents’ perceptions; Social Exchange Theory; Tourism Area Life Cycle; cluster analysis; tourism
benefits and costs; Azores Islands (Portugal).
JEL codes: Z32; R11; R58
Access to statistical data used in this scientific investigation was permitted within the scope of a Protocol signed on December 29th, 2014, between the Portuguese National Statistics Institute (INE), the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), and the General-Board of Education and Science Statistics of the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education (DGEEC-MCTES).
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